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Resolutions of Iftaa' Board

Resolution No.(52)" :A Proposed Amendment to the Rights of the Child Law"

Date Added : 07-01-2016

Resolution No.(52): "A Proposed Amendment to the Rights of the Child Law"
Date: 29/7/1422 AH, corresponding to 16/10/2001

We have received the following question:

What is the ruling of Islamic Sharia on the sections of the rights of the child draft law?

Having reviewed the above draft law, the Board arrived at the following:

Article (4), paragraph (B): "A child who is deprived from family welfare has the right to nursery or foster care in line with the rules of Islamic Sharia, and he should be provided with a dwelling at a child care organization or a foster family in the Kingdom."

The Board is of the view that this article should be rephrased as follows:

"A child who is deprived from family welfare has the right to nursery or foster care, and he/she should be provided with a dwelling at a child care organization or a foster family in the Kingdom in line with the rules of Islamic Sharia."

Article (7), paragraph (B): "All official as well as non-official organizations concerned with providing child services should give priority to children at times of conflict and catastrophe."

The Board is of the view that this paragraph should be amended and rephrased because the meaning of (give priority) isn`t clear.

Article (9): "Despite the sections, of any other law, which specify the age of marriage at eighteen and give an exception to those who have completed sixteen years of age to conclude their marriage contract after obtaining a permission from the Supreme Judge."

The Board views that the above article should be deleted because the Jordanian Personal Status Law (1) has specified the age of marriage.

Article (16): "In case a report was submitted by the committee recommending separating the child from his family when it is proven that he had been subjected to any act of abuse referred to in paragraph (A) or it was proven that he is in need for special care that can`t be provided by his family."

The Board views that the preposition (on) should be changed into (to).

Article (17): "The court of competent jurisdiction may not issue a verdict to separate a child from his family save after the following:

A) Confirming the abuse stated in article (16).

B) Submitting a report from the committee recommending that the separation is necessary.

C) Providing the child with a foster family or a proper place where he can enjoy peace and security.

The Board views that this article should be deleted because the court`s verdict doesn`t rest on the report submitted by the committee recommending the separation, and many cases are usually referred to the judge directly without any reports.

Article (19), paragraph (B): "Foster care is undertaken by a foster family or a social welfare organization in accordance with a regulation issued to this purpose."

The Board views that the phrase (in line with the rules of Islamic Sharia) should be added at the end of this paragraph.

Article (21): The Board views that the word (The disabled) should be deleted from this article and wherever it is stated, and should be replaced with (People with special needs). And Allah Knows Best.

Chairman of the Iftaa` Board, The Supreme Judge, Izzuldeen At-Tamimi
          Dr. Abdulsalam Al-abbadi
  Dr. Yousef Ghyzaan
Dr. Wasif Al-Bakhri
        Sheikh Sa`eid Al-Hijjawi
               Sheikh Mahmood Shewayat
         Dr. Mahmood Abu Yahia
Sheikh Na`eim Mujahid

Note (1): Article (5) of the Jordanian Personal Status Law was amended in 2001 to read as follows: "Marriage eligibility stipulates that the suitor and his fiance are discerning and have completed eighteen years of age; however, it is permissible for the Sharia judge to permit their marriage if any of them hasn`t reached that age in case he/she has completed fifteen years, and there is a benefit behind such marriage, as determined by the regulations which the Supreme Judge issues to this purpose."

 

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Summarized Fatawaa

Is it permissible to agree with a butcher to purchase the meat of an animal after it has been slaughtered — for instance, by buying the meat of a sheep at a price determined by the weight of its meat following slaughter, at a fixed rate per kilogram? And what is the ruling if the animal is being purchased with the intention of it being an uḍḥiyyah (sacrificial offering)?

 
 
 
 
 

All praise is due to Allah, and may peace and blessings be upon our Master, the Messenger of Allah.
It is not permissible to sell livestock in the manner of pricing each kilogram of meat after slaughter at a fixed rate, because the meat within the animal prior to slaughter is unseen and unknown. This leads to jahālah (ignorance of the subject matter) and gharar (contractual uncertainty), both of which are among the invalidating factors in sales transactions.
However, it is permissible for the buyer to issue a promise to purchase the meat of the animal after slaughter at a specified price per kilogram, with the actual sale being concluded at the time of weighing the meat — at which point both the quantity of the goods and the total price become known. There is no Sharī'ah objection to this arrangement.
The jurists have stipulated that for a sale to be valid, both countervalues must be present and observable. Al-Khaṭīb al-Shirbīnī, may Allah have mercy upon him, states:
"It is valid to sell a heap of grain whose total measure is unknown to both contracting parties at a rate of one sā' per dirham. This sale is valid because the subject of sale is present and observable, and ignorance of the total price is not harmful since it is known in detail — and uncertainty is thereby lifted."— [Mughnī al-Muḥtāj, Vol.2/P.355]
As for the uḍḥiyyah, the 'aqīqah, and vowed blood sacrifices (al-dam al-mandhūr) — full ownership of the animal must be established prior to slaughter. It is not valid for such animals to be slaughtered while still in the ownership of the butcher. Rather, the animal must be purchased alive and then slaughtered with the intention of uḍḥiyyah or the like. And Allah Almighty knows best.

What is the ruling on a person who insists on praying in a specific spot and becomes angry if someone else prays there?

ruling on a person who persists in praying in a specific spot and becomes angry if someone else occupies it

Praise be to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon our Master, the Messenger of Allah.
 
Our Master the Prophet ﷺ forbade a man from habitually claiming a specific spot in the mosque as a camel claims its place (to sit); scholars consider this to be among the disliked matters (Makruhat). It is therefore obligatory to advise this individual that whoever arrives at a spot first has the most right to it. And Allah the Exalted knows best.

What is the ruling on ablution if vaginal discharge is expelled, and is it impure?

If these discharges exit from the external genitalia (apparent part of the vagina), they are not impure and do not invalidate ablution. If they exit from the internal part, they are impure and do invalidate ablution. If it is uncertain whether they are from the internal or external part, they are not impure and do not invalidate ablution.
 
The apparent part is what becomes visible when sitting, and what the husband's penis reaches during intercourse is considered part of the apparent. The internal part is what is beyond that. And Allah the Almighty knows best.

When does the time for the 'aqīqah lapse and pass?

All praise is due to Allah, and may peace and blessings be upon our Master, the Messenger of Allah.
If the guardian was financially capable (mūsir) during the majority of the postnatal period (nifās) — which is sixty days — then the obligation of the 'aqīqah remains upon him until the child reaches the age of maturity (bulūgh). Once the child reaches maturity, the demand falls away from the father and those like him. At that point, it becomes Sunnah for the child himself to perform the 'aqīqah on his own behalf.
However, if the guardian was financially incapable (mu'sir) during the postnatal period, and then became financially capable after its expiry — that is, after sixty days — the 'aqīqah is no longer required of him. And Allah Almighty knows best.

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