Is it permissible for someone to make a supplication to Allah to marry an already married, or an engaged woman?
No, it isn`t, and the person who does so is sinful before Allah, The Almighty.
Is it permissible to abort a less than one-month-old fetus?
All perfect praise be to Allah the Lord of The Worlds. May His peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Mohammad and upon all his family and companions.
Abortion is forbidden; therefore, it isn`t allowed except if endangers the life of the mother and such thing should be confirmed by god- fearing, specialized, trustworthy medical doctors. And Allah The Almighty Knows Best.
What is the ruling of Sharia when a man releases his sperm out of his wife`s vagina?
All perfect praise be to Allah the Lord of the Worlds. May His peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Mohammad and upon all his family and companions.
This is called coitus interruptus and it is permissible according to Sharia when practiced by agreement of both spouses. And Allah The Almighty Knows Best.
I suffer from absentmindedness and constant worries during prayer, what should I do?
You should take refuge in Allah from the whispers of the devil and life worries. You should also seek Allah`s help and offer a lot of Istigfar (seeking the forgiveness of Allah). And Allah Knows Best.