Is the Aqeeqa due on the newborn in case of dying almost a month after the delivery?
Offering Aqeeqa after a week of a newborn death is recommended.
Is it permissible to swear by (Allah "The Living")?
Yes, it is permissible because "The Living" is one of Allah`s Attributes.
What is the ruling when the duration of the monthly period varies, and sporadically increases?
If the period didn`t exceed (15) days from the first seeing of blood discharges until its end including the times of temporary cessation, then it is menses. But, if the period exceeded (15) days, then the woman experiencing this is Mostahadah (bleeding outside the time of monthly period), and should abide by her regular period, and consult one of the scholars.
Which is better, to pray at a prayer place (Musala) whereas many people pray in it, or at a near by mosque in which a few people perform prayer?
Praying at the mosque that has a bigger number is better so long as the number of praying people at the other mosque permits performing prayers in congregation. And Allah Knows Best.