Is it permissible for the person who wants to travel from the United Arab Emirates to Jordan during the daytime in Ramadan to break his fast before leaving his country; knowing that he had embarked on journey half an hour after dawn?

Praise be to Allah the Lord of the Worlds.

The person who made the intention to embark on journey after dawn must observe fast for that day, because it became an obligation on him before engaging on journey. However, if he experienced unbearable hardship while on travel, then he is permitted to break his fast, but he must make up for the missed day. And Allah The Almighty Knows Best.

Who has the right to child custody when final divorce takes place?

The wife has the right to child custody until her children reach the age of puberty. However, if she gets married, the right of custody becomes that of her mother`s.

Is it permissible for a Muslim physician to specialize in gynecology obstetrics, and what is the ruling on working as such?

Some fields of knowledge are an individual duty while others are a collective one, and specializing in gynecology obstetrics is a collective duty. However, if there were female physicians to treat women, then there is no need for a male gynecology obstetrics specialist to look at women`s Awrahs (private parts) except in necessary situations since the jurisprudential maxim says:” Necessity must only be assessed and answered proportionately.” And Allah Knows Best.

Is it permissible for a woman who is observing `Iddah (waiting period) due to the death of her husband to travel for performing Umrah (Minor Hajj)?

A woman observing `Iddah of a revocable (Rajee`) divorce isn`t allowed to travel for Umrah except with the consent of her husband.