Articles

The Precursors to the Prophet's Mission
Author : Mufti Basem Al-Qudah
Date Added : 18-08-2025

Allah The Almighty Says (What means): "It is He Who has sent amongst the Unlettered an apostle from among themselves, to rehearse to them His Signs, to sanctify them, and to instruct them in Scripture and Wisdom,- although they had been, before, in manifest error;-." [Al-Jumu'ah/2].

Each year, we commemorate the birth of the Chosen One (peace be upon him)—the advent of light that dispelled darkness, the emergence of a spring that transformed barren deserts into flourishing gardens, and the arrival of a spiritual revival that awakened souls once lost in ignorance.

Speaking about the aspects of greatness in the personality of the Messenger (peace be upon him) is difficult for speakers and orators. It is like searching for a ring in a vast desert. Nevertheless: "What cannot be attained in its entirety should not be abandoned entirely." May Allah be pleased with Khalid Ibn Al-Walid (May Allah Be Pleased with), who, when asked to describe the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), said: "Do you want me to be long or short?" They said: "Be short." He replied: "He is the Messenger of Allah, and the Messenger is according to the One who sent him."

Let us review some of the precursors and signs (Irhasat) of his prophecy (peace be upon him), beginning with those that occurred at his birth:

Among what happened at the time of his birth was the shaking of the palace of Chosroes of Persia and the fall of fourteen of its balconies. This was interpreted as the fall of fourteen of their kings; ten of them fell within four years, and the other four fell during the era of the Islamic conquest. The fire of Persia, which had not been extinguished for a thousand years, was also put out.

Among the precursors were events that happened to him (peace be upon him) when he was a nursing infant in the care of Haleema. Haleema narrated that when the Messenger (peace be upon him) was first presented to her, she turned away, as did the other wet nurses, because he was an orphan. What good, she thought, could come from an orphan? When she found no other child to take, she returned and took this orphan. As soon as she took him, her breasts became full of milk, and their she-camel, which had not given milk for a long time, suddenly became full of milk. Her husband said to her: "By Allah, Haleema, you have taken a blessed soul." Haleema continued: "Then we left, and I rode my she-donkey with him, and by Allah, I outpaced the caravan in a way that none of their donkeys could, so much so that my companions said to me: "O daughter of Abu Dhu'ayb, woe to you! Wait for us! Isn't this the same she-donkey you left with?" I said to them: "By Allah, it is indeed the same one!' They replied: "By Allah, he has a great matter!"

Among the precursors was the splitting of his chest that occurred while he was with the family of Haleema. Haleema narrated: "He was with his brother (Prophet`s brother by suckling/Haleema`s son) behind our houses when his brother came running to me and his father and said: "My Qurayshi brother, two men in white garments have taken him, laid him down, and have split open his belly." I went out with his father—Haleema's husband—towards him and found him standing, his face pale and changed. I hugged him and his father hugged him. We asked him: "What is wrong with you, my son?" He said: "Two men in white garments came to me, laid me down, and split my belly, and searched for something in it, but I don't know what it was."

Among the precursors was the acknowledgment of his prophecy by Bahira the monk, who advised his uncle Abu Talib to be wary of the Jews. When the Prophet (peace be upon him) was twelve years old, he traveled with his people. Bahira the monk was a scholar in that region due to his knowledge and merit. He looked out from his cell and saw a caravan, and a boy was shaded by a cloud. He had never seen such a sight before, so he prepared a feast for them and invited them. He had never cared for them before. When they came, the boy Muhammad (peace be upon him) was not present, so he sent for him. When he came, Bahira scrutinized him and asked him about the Seal of prophecy on his back. He knew then that he was the Prophet promised in the Torah and the Gospel, so he advised his uncle Abu Talib to protect him well and warned him that the Jews might try to assassinate him.

Among the precursors in his youth was Allah's protection of him from attending anything forbidden. One day, he heard the sound of flutes and drums and decided to go to the wedding. He fell asleep and did not wake up until the heat of the next day's sun.

Among the precursors was the trees and stones greeting him (peace be upon him) as he walked in Mecca. [Al-Mu'jam Al-Kabir by At-Tabarani/vol. 2/pp.351].

One of the signs of his perfect character was that his private parts were never exposed. It is narrated that he was participating in the rebuilding of the Kaaba with his people. His people were lifting their garments onto their shoulders to protect themselves from the rough stones, while he was placing the stones on his shoulder without any covering. His uncle Al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) saw him and said: "Why don't you lift your garment over your shoulder so the stones won't hurt you?" The Prophet (peace be upon him) did so, and his private parts were exposed, at which point he fell on his face and was called out to: "Cover your private parts." An angel called to him, and after that, his private parts were never seen again.

Among the signs of his perfect character was that Allah Made him Detest idols and all forms of falsehood, as well as the singing and drinking of wine that the people of Quraysh engaged in. It is narrated from him (peace be upon him): "When I grew up, idols became hateful to me, and poetry became hateful to me. I did not intend to do anything that the people of the Age of Ignorance used to do except twice. Each time, Allah Almighty Came between me and what I intended, and I never intended to pursue poetry after that until Allah Honored me with His Message..." [Al-Shifa' by Al-Qadi Iyad/vol.1/pp.8].

Undoubtedly, this was due to Allah's protection of him (peace be upon him) from anything that would harm his lofty status and high rank.

Among the precursors is what Maysarah narrated when he traveled with the Prophet (peace be upon him) on a trade journey for Khadijah Bint Khuwaylid to Sham (Syria). He saw two angels shading him from the heat of the sun in the scorching midday. Also, the Prophet (peace be upon him) sat under the shade of a tree near a monk's cell. The monk saw him and asked Maysarah about him. Maysarah said: "He is a man from the Sacred Precinct, a Qurayshi." The monk replied: "No one has ever sat under this tree except a prophet."

Among the precursors were the true visions just before his mission. He would not see a vision in his sleep by night or by day except that it came to pass like the breaking of dawn. Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrated that the first thing with which the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) began were true visions. He would not see a vision in his sleep except that it would come true like the breaking of dawn. She said: "And solitude was made dear to him, and he would go to the cave of Hira to seclude himself, meaning to cleanse himself from what he saw or heard of the polytheism and falsehood among the people of his tribe, Quraysh."

This is but a small portion of a great many manifestations of human perfection that preceded the mission of the Messenger (peace be upon him). And all praise is due to Allah, The Lord of The Worlds.

References:

1. Sahih Al-Imam Al-Bukhari.

2. Musnad Al-Imam Ahmad.

3. Al-Mu'jam Al-Kabir, Al-Tabarani.

4. Al-Shifa, Al-Qadi 'Iyad.

5. Muhammad, the Beloved (peace be upon him), Abu Bakr Al-Jazairi.

6. Noor Al-Yaqeen, Muhammad Al-Khudari.

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Summarized Fatawaa

What is the due amount of food in expiation for perjury?

It is feeding ten indigent persons: 600 grams (for each) of the average food of your families such as rice, and it is permissible, according to Imam Ahmad Bin Hanbal, to give that amount in money if it was more useful to them.

What is the Islamic ruling on the aqiqa?

All praise is due to Allah, and may peace and blessings be upon our Master, the Messenger of Allah.
The 'aqīqah is a confirmed Sunnah (sunnah mu'akkadah). Two sheep are to be slaughtered for a newborn boy, and one sheep for a newborn girl. This is established by numerous Prophetic traditions, among them:
The narration of Samurah ibn Jundub, may Allah be pleased with him, who reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Every child is held in pledge for his 'aqīqah, which is slaughtered on his behalf on the seventh day, and he is named, and his head is shaved." — Narrated by al-Tirmidhī, who graded it as ḥasan ṣaḥīḥ.
And the narration of 'Ā'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, who said: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded us to slaughter one sheep as 'aqīqah for a girl, and two sheep for a boy." — Narrated by Aḥmad and Ibn Mājah.
The imperative in these narrations is understood to denote recommendation rather than obligation, based on the ḥadīth of 'Amr ibn Shu'ayb, on the authority of his father, on the authority of his grandfather, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was asked about the 'aqīqah, whereupon he said: "Allah does not love 'uqūq" — as though he disliked the name itself — and then said: "Whoever has a child born to him and wishes to offer a sacrifice on their behalf, let them do so: two equivalent sheep for a boy, and one sheep for a girl." — Narrated by Aḥmad and Abū Dāwūd.
The legal inference drawn from this narration is that the Prophet ﷺ linked the slaughter to the wish and willingness of the individual, saying: "whoever wishes to offer a sacrifice... let them do so" — thereby indicating that the 'aqīqah is recommended (mustaḥabb) and not obligatory (wājib).
And Allah Almighty knows best.

What is the ruling on deliberately breaking the fast while being capable of fasting?

Whoever intentionally breaks their fast in Ramadan without a valid excuse has committed a major sin and bears great guilt. They must repent, seek forgiveness, refrain from eating and drinking for the rest of the day, and make up for that day after Ramadan.
They have lost an immense reward, which cannot be compensated even by fasting an entire lifetime as a voluntary act, because an obligatory fast cannot be equaled by voluntary fasting.
If the fast was broken through sexual intercourse, the person must:
● Make up for the missed fast (qada), and
● Perform kaffarah by fasting two consecutive months.
● If they are unable to do so, they must feed sixty needy people.

What is required of one who doubts the number of rakʿāt during prayer?

All praise is due to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon our master the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.
If a person doubts the number of rakʿāt he has prayed, he should build upon the lesser number, as that is what he is certain of. He should then perform the prostration of forgetfulness (sujūd al-sahw) before the final salām at the end of the prayer. ʿAṭāʾ ibn Yasār narrated that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "When any one of you is in doubt during his prayer and does not know whether he has prayed three rakʿāt or four, let him pray one more rakʿah and then perform two prostrations while seated before the salām. If the rakʿah he prayed was a fifth, these two prostrations will make it even; and if it was the fourth, then the two prostrations serve as a humiliation for the devil." (Reported by Abū Dāwūd.)
It is stated in al-Muqaddimah al-Ḥaḍramiyyah — one of the foundational texts of the Shāfiʿī school: "If one doubts whether he has prayed three rakʿāt or four, he is obliged to build upon the lesser number."
However, if such doubt recurs repeatedly and reaches the level of obsessive whispering (waswasah), he should not build upon the lesser number in that case — rather, he should build upon the greater number. And Allah the Almighty knows best.