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The Final Act of the Fourth Iftaa' Forum Entitled "The Role of Islamic Culture in Forming Individuals and Societies"
Author : The General Iftaa` Department
Date Added : 15-11-2017

The Final Act of the Fourth Iftaa' Forum Entitled "The Role of Islamic Culture in Forming Individuals and

Societies"

  

 

On the occasion of choosing Amman as The Capital of Islamic Culture/2017 by The Islamic Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (ISESCO), the General Iftaa' Department held The Fourth Scientific Forum entitled "The Role of Islamic Culture in Forming Individuals and Societies" on 14/11/2017 in collaboration with Ministries of Education, Culture,  Awqaf and Islamic Affairs and the Supreme Judge Department. 

The generous sponsorship of the Forum by his Royal Highness Prince Ghazi Bin Muhammad was appreciated by the attendants and they remembered the Hashemite efforts as well as the anniversary of the late king Hussein(May Allah have mercy on his soul) in enhancing the values of Islamic culture, which is based on tolerance, through building the modern Jordan, which rests on principles and constants, in addition to showing the bright picture of Islam.

The participants have come up  with the following suggestions and recommendations:

First: The Islamic culture is the spirit of the nation of  divine revelation, connected to the Prophecy of Mohammad and extended through the whole world and for all people. Yet, it is not meant for a certain party, sect, country or geography. On the contrary, the Islamic culture has eliminated all differences while preserving the constants of Islam and the Arab world.

Second: The aforementioned culture highlighted the meaning of freedom, eliminated slavery, protected the poor and depressed reflecting the most advanced concept of culture.

Third: The Islamic culture in Jordan adopts the concept of moderation and the methodology highlighting the bright image of Islam and its tolerant values founded by the Hashemite Family since the constitution of Jordan. In addition, it is linked with the roots of the nation and the Hashemite descendants of the Prophet(Peace be upon him).

Fourth: The Islamic culture in Jordan is compatible with the Islamic religion and the teachings of the Prophets who passed by Jordan. Therefore, this culture has to be applied.

Fifth: The aforementioned culture should be based on innovation that motivates people to make reform and accomplishment, and this can be achieved through enhancing the Islamic cultural programs at all levels: educational, social, political and media.   

 

Sixth: Calling for continued cooperation amongst institutions entrusted with cultural activities and turning it into fieldwork. This can be done through implementing ideas that touch upon the core function of the afore organizations.

Seventh: Promoting Islamic culture is a joint responsibility that should be shouldered, on the individual level, by every Muslim. On organization level, it should be shouldered by universities, schools, Masjids, libraries, research centers, cultural societies, elite groups and social activities.

Eighth: Increasing cultural awareness, tying it with Islamic values of tolerance, and advancing this culture through institutional partnerships and available means, constitute the safety valve for society, protecting it against extreme views and maintaining its peace and stability.

Nine: Promoting the value of the "Role Model" in the Muslim society, tying it with its deeply-rooted heritage and values, preparing future generations to have a sense of responsibility towards the challenges facing their nation to adapt with the emerging cultural issues on basis of openness and renewability. 

Tenth: Governmental and non-governmental organizations along with all members of society should participate in the advancement of the Muslim nation, and enhancing the true values of Islamic culture in fulfilling the divine command where Allah has enjoined Muslims to deliver the message of Islam by lawful means and in the most correct and  respectable manners. 

Eleventh: Calling upon national institutions to reflect the Islamic-cultural identity of the city of Amman, in particular, and the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, in general, addressing future generations through promoting the themes of the Amman Message, the message of tolerace, adopting its values and applying them in everyday life. This is in addition to applying the values embodied in the initiative "Kalima Sawa`" so that we reach safety by creating a society that is conscious, tolerant and accepts the other. And all perfect praise be to Allah, The Lord of The Worlds.

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Summarized Fatawaa

When is a child instructed to fast?

A child is instructed to fast at the age of seven if they are capable of fasting and have reached the age of discernment, by analogy to prayer. They should be encouraged but not forced, so they can become accustomed to it. It is obligatory for their guardian, whether a father or another, to instruct them.

The Jurisprudential Significance of the Ḥadīth: "Whoever says, at the conclusion of the Fajr Prayer, while crossing his legs, before speaking..."
"Whoever says, at the conclusion of the Fajr prayer, while crossing his legs, before speaking: 'Lā ilāha illā Allāh, waḥdahu lā sharīka lah, lahu al-mulku wa lahu al-ḥamdu yuḥyī wa yumītu wa huwa ʿalā kulli shayʾin qadīr' ten times — ten good deeds will be recorded for him, ten bad deeds will be erased from him, he will be raised ten levels, he will spend that day in protection from everything disliked and guarded from the devil, and no sin will be able to befall him on that day except associating partners with Allah" — does this noble ḥadīth apply to the imam, and what is meant by "extraneous speech"?

All praise is due to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon our master the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.
It is recommended for both the imam and those praying behind him to recite, immediately after the final salām, the specific remembrance reported in the sunnah to be said before turning away from one's place of prayer. The imam then leaves his praying spot, and the act of "turning" is fulfilled when the imam faces the congregation — even without physically leaving his spot — by positioning his right side toward them and his left side toward the qiblah, and this applies even while he is engaged in supplication.
Al-ʿAllāmah Ibn Qāsim al-ʿAbbādī states in his Ḥāshiyah ʿalā al-Tuḥfah (Vol.2/P.105): "It is most virtuous for the imam, once he has given the salām, to rise from his place of prayer immediately afterward." He adds that an exception must be made for the remembrances that are specifically required to be recited before he turns away. He then notes, citing Sharḥ al-ʿUbāb: "Yes, an exception to this rising immediately after the salām applies to the Fajr prayer, due to the authentic report that the Prophet ﷺ, when he prayed Fajr, would remain seated until the sun rose." He further cites, from al-Khādim, the ḥadīth concerning one who recites, at the conclusion of the Fajr prayer while still in the position of crossing his leg to rise: "Lā ilāha illā Allāh, waḥdahu lā sharīka lah..." and the rest of the well-known ḥadīth. He comments that this makes explicit that this particular remembrance is to be recited before the worshipper turns his legs to leave, and the same applies to Maghrib and ʿAṣr, as reported in those contexts as well.
What is meant by "speech" in the relevant ḥadīth is extraneous worldly speech that is not called for after the prayer and for which there is no legitimate excuse. The remembrances reported to be recited upon concluding the prayer, however, do not fall under this category of extraneous speech, since they are themselves required by the sharīʿah.
Al-ʿAllāmah ʿAlī al-Shabrāmalsī states in his Ḥāshiyah ʿalā al-Nihāyah (Vol.1/P.551): "If someone greets a person with salām while he is occupied with reciting this remembrance [i.e., 'Lā ilāha illā Allāh...'], should he return the greeting — without this causing him to forfeit the promised reward, since he is engaged in an obligatory matter — or should he delay returning the greeting until he finishes, this being a legitimate excuse for the delay?" He continues: "I say: the more likely view is the former, and the prohibition on speech is to be understood as applying to extraneous speech for which there is no legitimate excuse. Based on this, should the worshipper give precedence to this remembrance ('Lā ilāha illā Allāh...') or to reciting Sūrat al-Ikhlāṣ ('Qul huwa Allāhu aḥad')? This requires consideration, though it is not unlikely that the remembrance takes precedence, given that the Lawgiver urged hastening to it through his words 'while crossing his leg.' This is not considered ordinary speech, since it is not extraneous to what is required after the prayer."
Accordingly, it is recommended for both the imam and those praying behind him to recite this remembrance and to give it precedence over the other remembrances of the prayer, ensuring it is said before they move from their place. And Allah the Almighty knows best.

What is the ruling on speaking while relieving oneself?

It is disliked for one relieving himself to speak while doing so, except out of necessity. And Allah the Almighty knows best.

Is it incumbent on a husband to pay the alimony of his wife if she had left him and stayed at her parent`s without his permission?

When a wife leaves her house, and stays at her parent`s without asking her husband, she is considered a Nashiz (wife who refuses to abide by her husband’s orders), and so she doesn`t deserve an alimony.

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