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Resolutions of Iftaa' Board

Resolution No.(108): "Ruling on the Islamic Murabaha Employed by the Association of Jordan Fertilizers Company Employees"

Date Added : 23-02-2016

 

Resolution No.(108) by the Board of Iftaa`, Research and Islamic Studies:

"Ruling on the Islamic Murabaha Employed by the Association of  Jordan Fertilizers Company Employees"

Date: 26/4/1427 AH, corresponding to 24/5/2006 AD.

 

 

Answer: All perfect praise be to Allah, The Lord of the Worlds; and may His peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Mohammad and upon all his family and companions.

Having reviewed the trading method employed by the above association, Aqaba branch, the Board made the following remarks:

First: Article (4) "Remarks"

Paragraph(W) states:

According to the method of dealing with the above association, merchants are divided into two kinds:

1) A recognized Merchant:

 He is the one with whom the association reaches an agreement whereby any purchase transaction, from him, is to be conducted through the association, whether directly or by the purchaser himself. By virtue of this agreement, the association is granted a discount against each invoice (a discount in favor of the company, not the purchaser). The agreement also includes settling the amounts due to the merchant in return for trading with him.

 2) An Unrecognized Merchant:

He is the one with whom the association has no trading agreement.

The Iftaa` Board believes that trading with the above recognized merchant violates the sale of Islamic Murabaha in two ways:

First: It isn`t permissible for the purchaser to conclude the contract with the merchant first hand; rather, he must conclude it with the association 

so as for it to buy him the item he wants.

Second: The sale must be conducted between the association and the purchaser with a Murabaha percentage, to be agreed upon by both parties, from the actual price it had paid for the commodity. In other words, without adding the discount percentage offered by the merchant to the association.

Second: Article (5-2), Paragraph (C).

This paragraph stated, "After that, the association`s representative goes to the merchant, owner, to inspect the commodity, then demands delivering it to the purchaser….."

The Board believes that this sale method is impermissible, because it isn`t permissible for the association to sell the commodity to the purchaser, save after it receives it through its representative, and it becomes in its possession and guarantee. After that, it should sell it to the purchaser, then hand it to him, not to demand the merchant to do that.

Third: Article (5-5), paragraph (B):

This article states: "Assignment of the car/ real estate/ as certified at the Traffic Department or the Lands` Registration Department, and registering it in the name of the purchaser………….." 

The Iftaa` Board is of the view that this form of sale isn`t permissible, because the association must possess the car/real estate, and register it, in its name, at the specialized departments (Traffic and Lands Depts.), then sell it to the purchaser, and register it in his name. This is because the Prophet (PBUH) has forbidden selling an item which isn`t in the seller`s possession.

Fourth: Article (5-5), paragraphs( C and D):

These articles stipulate registering the car/ real estate in the name of the purchaser at the above Departments, then the association delivers them to the purchaser.

As indicated above, the Board is of the view that the association is obliged to possess the car/ real estate first, through registering them in its name, at the specialized Departments, then sell them to the purchaser, and register them in his name at the aforementioned Depts. This is because the Prophet(PBUH) has forbidden selling an item which isn`t in the seller`s possession. 

Moreover, remark No.(1), paragraph (D),(5-5), which states: "The real estate is assigned to the association, which has the right to make use of it as a utility or sell it through a verbal agreement with the seller prior to officially assigning it to the purchaser." The Board believes that such an agreement can`t replace the actual possession of the real estate by the association and its registration at the specialized departments.

Fifth:  Article (5-8):

This article addresses trading in services, such as cellular telephone lines and payment of school fees. The Board believes that this kind of trading isn`t permissible, because  Islamic Murabaha pertains to products, and not services. And Allah Knows Best.

 

 

 

Chairman of the Iftaa` Board, Chief Justice, Dr. Ahmad Hilayel
Dr. Yousef Ghizan/Member
Dr. Abdulmajeed Assalaheen/Member
Sheikh Sa`ied Hijjawai/Member
Sheikh Abdulkareem Khasawneh/Member
Sheikh Na`iem Mojahid/Member
Dr. Wasif Albakhri/Member

 

 

 

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Summarized Fatawaa

What is the ruling on deliberately breaking the fast while being capable of fasting?

Whoever intentionally breaks their fast in Ramadan without a valid excuse has committed a major sin and bears great guilt. They must repent, seek forgiveness, refrain from eating and drinking for the rest of the day, and make up for that day after Ramadan.
They have lost an immense reward, which cannot be compensated even by fasting an entire lifetime as a voluntary act, because an obligatory fast cannot be equaled by voluntary fasting.
If the fast was broken through sexual intercourse, the person must:
● Make up for the missed fast (qada), and
● Perform kaffarah by fasting two consecutive months.
● If they are unable to do so, they must feed sixty needy people.

Is it permissible to make ablution without answering the call of nature after waking up?

Washing front and back openings (Istinjaa`) is not a condition for the validity of ablution because it is done to remove Najaasah (impurity), thus if there is no Najaasah, there is no need for that, and then it is permissible to make ablution without answering the call of nature. However, prayer is invalidated if there is Najaasah on the anus ,or the front opening, so it (Najaasah) must be removed for the prayer to become valid, and not the ablution.

What is the ruling on the fasting of a woman who has reached menopause if menstrual blood flows?

If a woman reaches the age of menopause (which is usually sixty-two) and her menses have ceased, then she sees blood after that, and its duration is not less than a day and a night (24 hours), it is menstruation (hayd). If it is less than a day and a night, she is considered as having non-menstrual vaginal bleeding (mustahada), so she fasts and prays. However, she must perform ablution for every obligatory prayer after its time enters, pray immediately, and be treated as a person with a continuous condition. There is no specific end limit for a woman's menstruation; it is possible as long as the woman is alive. And Allah the Almighty knows best.

What is the ruling on eating from one`s Udhiyah?

In the Name of Allah, and may peace and blessings be upon our Master, the Messenger of Allah.
 
The Udhiyah (sacrificial offering) is divided into two categories: the vowed sacrifice (Al-Mandhurah) and the voluntary sacrifice (Al-Tatawwu').
 
First: The Vowed Sacrifice (Al-Mandhurah)
This refers to a sacrifice that has become strictly obligatory due to a formal vow (Nadr). It is completely impermissible for the person offering it, or any members of their family whom they are financially obligated to maintain, to eat any of its meat or fat. Furthermore, it is unlawful for them to personally benefit from its hide, wool, or any other part of it. If they happen to eat any portion of it, the offerer is legally obligated to give an equivalent amount of meat or its monetary value to charity. (As noted in Tuhfat al-Muhtaj by Imam Ibn Hajar al-Haytami,Vol. 9/P.364).
 
Second: The Voluntary Sacrifice (Al-Tatawwu’)
This is a recommended, non-obligatory sacrifice. The person offering it is fully permitted to eat from its meat, distribute portions as charity to the poor, and give pieces as gifts to those who are well-off. However, it remains a mandatory requirement to donate at least a minor portion of it to charity; this should not be less than approximately half a kilogram of raw, uncooked meat. And Allah the Almighty Knows Best.

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