Articles

Women`s Rights
Author : Dr. Ibrahim Ejjo
Date Added : 16-10-2022

 

 

All perfect praise be to Allah the Lord of the Worlds. May Allah`s peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Mohammad and upon all his family and companions.

Unlike any pre-Islamic or post-Islamic legislation, Islam has given women a great deal of attention. It has been the beginning of the turning point for women. Rather, it is the actual turning point. In pre-Islamic times, women were given no consideration whatsoever: They were buried alive, deprived, enslaved, humiliated, and degraded. The attention Islam has given to women emanates from realizing their significant role in educating and upbringing future generations since the mother is a school. 

 

However, the enemies of Islam seize every opportunity to corrupt women. They do this in cold blood through pretending to cry for women and their rights; as if these are lost or wasted. They incite women against the religion of Allah under the pretext of reform, but Allah knows their evil intentions. They want Muslim women to abandon their modesty and get off their chastity. They launch slogans for women and give them hope for freedom and happiness. This is in a bid to entrap Muslims and destroy their last fortress. Had they been fair-No way they are-they would have recognized what Islam, compared to any other legislation, has achieved for women. Islam has guaranteed her full humanity at the time when the philosophers and the rational people were arguing whether women are human beings or not? Do they have souls? If they have souls, then are they human or animal? This is at a time when women were looked at as an extra burden and were inherited as if they were property.

 

Islam came to decide that women are equal to men in being created from a single person and having the same fate. Allah Says {What means}: "O mankind! reverence your Guardian-Lord, who created you from a single person, created, of like nature, His mate, and from them twain scattered (like seeds) countless men and women;-" [An-Nisa`/1]. He also Says (What means): "O mankind! We created you from a single (pair) of a male and a female, and made you into nations and tribes, that ye may know each other (not that ye may despise (each other). Verily the most honoured of you in the sight of God is (he who is) the most righteous of you." [Al-Hujurat/13].

 

Women and men come from the same origin and have the same fate before Almighty Allah. Men and women are the two halves of humanity and the same soul. The Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) has spoken the truth when he said: "Women are counterpart of men or women are of the same nature as men." [Transmitted by Abu Dawood].

 

In principle, this equality doesn`t mean that women are like men in all aspects since assuming this ignores human nature and changes the nature of things. Of course, the male isn`t similar to the female in terms of nature, creation, and function. Almighty Allah has given men physical strength to work and seek provisions while women are kind and compassionate to raise their children to be pious and righteous. In this regard, a poet once said {What means}: "The hand that rocks the cradle rules the world."

This difference doesn`t mean preferring women over men or vice versa. Rather, men and women are like day and night; they differ but each complements the other.

 

Life can`t be endured if it is only daytime or nighttime and the same goes for men and women. From an Islamic angle, women`s blood, honour, property, and dignity are inviolable. Allah has spoken the truth when He said: "And women shall have rights similar to the rights against them," {Al-Baqarah,228}. This verse indicates that women and men are peers in terms of rights and obligations, but not Qiwama (men are the protectors and maintainers of women). Necessity dictates that men have the Qiwama over women for there has to be a caretaker for every household. Allah Says (What means): "If there were, in the heavens and the earth, other gods besides God, there would have been confusion in both! but glory to God, the Lord of the Throne: (High is He) above what they attribute to Him!" [Al-Anbiyaa`/22]. He The Exalted Adds: "behold, each god would have taken away what he had created, and some would have lorded it over others!" [Al-Mu`minon/ 91]. Accordingly, reason and logic dictate that the man is more capable of shouldering this responsibility because he can handle things without emotional excitement. Man`s nature and ability to endure makes him more fit for Qiwama.

 

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Summarized Fatawaa

I own a pharmacy and have only merchandise. A full year (*ḥawl*) has passed and I have no cash. How do I pay the zakāh?

 

All praise is due to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon our master, the Messenger of Allah.
Zakāh must be paid immediately from the day it becomes due, and delaying it is forbidden when one is able to pay it, because it is the right of the poor, and it is forbidden to delay giving people their rights except for a valid Sharīʿah excuse. Shaykh al-Islām Imam al-Nawawī (may Allah have mercy on him) said: “In our school, zakāh must be paid out immediately. Once it becomes due and he is able to pay it, it is not permissible to delay it. If he is unable, he may delay it until he is able. If he delays it after being able, he is disobedient and becomes liable for it.” [al-Majmūʿ Sharḥ al-Muhadhdhab, Vol.5/p.333]
If cash is not available to pay the zakāh and the only option is to pay in installments, he must pay it, even if in installments, from the proceeds of the merchandise that is sold after the time the zakāh became due, by deducting a set amount from each day’s takings. And Allah Almighty knows best.

How does a praying person prostrate?

All perfect praise be to Allah,The Lord of The Worlds                                                                                                                                                                        It is from Sunnah that he/she sits with both knees on the ground in order to prostrate, then hands, nose and forehead are placed on the same place. In addition, the toes have to touch the ground, and be directed towards the Qiblah (direction of Ka`bah) during prostration. And Allah Knows Best.

What are the categories of the livestock permissible for Udhiyah?

In the Name of Allah, and may peace and blessings be upon our Master, the Messenger of Allah.
 
An Udhiyah (sacrificial offering) is only valid if it is selected from Al-An'am (livestock), which includes: camels, cattle, and sheep or goats—whether male or female, and even if castrated. Allah Almighty says {what means}: "And for all religion We have appointed a rite [of sacrifice] that they may mention the name of Allah over what He has provided for them of [sacrificial] livestock." (Al-Hajj/ 34)
 
In terms of preference, camels are considered the best choice, followed by cattle, then sheep, and finally goats.
A single sheep or goat is valid as a sacrifice on behalf of one person. However, a single camel or cow can be shared by up to seven people. This is based on the narration of Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: "In the year of Al-Hudaybiyah, we sacrificed along with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) a camel on behalf of seven people, and a cow on behalf of seven people." (Narrated by Muslim)
 
(Note: The term "Badanah" used in the original Arabic text specifically refers to a camel in this context). And Allah the Almighty Knows Best.

I hired a private tutor for my son through an academy that sends teachers [to families] and takes a percentage [of their pay]. At the start of the [new] school year, I arranged directly with that same teacher, without the academy's knowledge. What is the ruling on this?

All praise is due to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon our master, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.
The ruling on this matter depends on knowing the specific terms of the agreement and contract concluded with the academy. If the agreement stipulates that no arrangement may be made with any of the students except through the academy itself, then it is not permissible for you to breach the terms of this contract, based on the words of our master, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ: "Muslims are bound by their conditions." (Related by al-Bukhārī)
However, if the agreement pertains only to teaching a specific subject, and the agreement concludes once that subject is finished, then there is no objection to arranging with the teacher to teach other subjects after the contract period has ended, outside of the academy.
Whatever the case maybe, the teacher must uphold the terms of his contract with the academy. And Allah, the Exalted, knows best.