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Resolutions of Iftaa' Board

Resolution No.(108): "Ruling on the Islamic Murabaha Employed by the Association of Jordan Fertilizers Company Employees"

Date Added : 23-02-2016

 

Resolution No.(108) by the Board of Iftaa`, Research and Islamic Studies:

"Ruling on the Islamic Murabaha Employed by the Association of  Jordan Fertilizers Company Employees"

Date: 26/4/1427 AH, corresponding to 24/5/2006 AD.

 

 

Answer: All perfect praise be to Allah, The Lord of the Worlds; and may His peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Mohammad and upon all his family and companions.

Having reviewed the trading method employed by the above association, Aqaba branch, the Board made the following remarks:

First: Article (4) "Remarks"

Paragraph(W) states:

According to the method of dealing with the above association, merchants are divided into two kinds:

1) A recognized Merchant:

 He is the one with whom the association reaches an agreement whereby any purchase transaction, from him, is to be conducted through the association, whether directly or by the purchaser himself. By virtue of this agreement, the association is granted a discount against each invoice (a discount in favor of the company, not the purchaser). The agreement also includes settling the amounts due to the merchant in return for trading with him.

 2) An Unrecognized Merchant:

He is the one with whom the association has no trading agreement.

The Iftaa` Board believes that trading with the above recognized merchant violates the sale of Islamic Murabaha in two ways:

First: It isn`t permissible for the purchaser to conclude the contract with the merchant first hand; rather, he must conclude it with the association 

so as for it to buy him the item he wants.

Second: The sale must be conducted between the association and the purchaser with a Murabaha percentage, to be agreed upon by both parties, from the actual price it had paid for the commodity. In other words, without adding the discount percentage offered by the merchant to the association.

Second: Article (5-2), Paragraph (C).

This paragraph stated, "After that, the association`s representative goes to the merchant, owner, to inspect the commodity, then demands delivering it to the purchaser….."

The Board believes that this sale method is impermissible, because it isn`t permissible for the association to sell the commodity to the purchaser, save after it receives it through its representative, and it becomes in its possession and guarantee. After that, it should sell it to the purchaser, then hand it to him, not to demand the merchant to do that.

Third: Article (5-5), paragraph (B):

This article states: "Assignment of the car/ real estate/ as certified at the Traffic Department or the Lands` Registration Department, and registering it in the name of the purchaser………….." 

The Iftaa` Board is of the view that this form of sale isn`t permissible, because the association must possess the car/real estate, and register it, in its name, at the specialized departments (Traffic and Lands Depts.), then sell it to the purchaser, and register it in his name. This is because the Prophet (PBUH) has forbidden selling an item which isn`t in the seller`s possession.

Fourth: Article (5-5), paragraphs( C and D):

These articles stipulate registering the car/ real estate in the name of the purchaser at the above Departments, then the association delivers them to the purchaser.

As indicated above, the Board is of the view that the association is obliged to possess the car/ real estate first, through registering them in its name, at the specialized Departments, then sell them to the purchaser, and register them in his name at the aforementioned Depts. This is because the Prophet(PBUH) has forbidden selling an item which isn`t in the seller`s possession. 

Moreover, remark No.(1), paragraph (D),(5-5), which states: "The real estate is assigned to the association, which has the right to make use of it as a utility or sell it through a verbal agreement with the seller prior to officially assigning it to the purchaser." The Board believes that such an agreement can`t replace the actual possession of the real estate by the association and its registration at the specialized departments.

Fifth:  Article (5-8):

This article addresses trading in services, such as cellular telephone lines and payment of school fees. The Board believes that this kind of trading isn`t permissible, because  Islamic Murabaha pertains to products, and not services. And Allah Knows Best.

 

 

 

Chairman of the Iftaa` Board, Chief Justice, Dr. Ahmad Hilayel
Dr. Yousef Ghizan/Member
Dr. Abdulmajeed Assalaheen/Member
Sheikh Sa`ied Hijjawai/Member
Sheikh Abdulkareem Khasawneh/Member
Sheikh Na`iem Mojahid/Member
Dr. Wasif Albakhri/Member

 

 

 

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Summarized Fatawaa

What is the ruling on praying alone (munfaridan) in a row, and what should I do if I enter the mosque together with another person, and there is only a single gap in the first row with no second row present — should I fill that gap in the first row, or should I stand together with him in a new second row?

All praise is due to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon our master, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.
If a person enters [the congregation] and finds no space available in the row, it is recommended for him — after making his opening takbīr for the prayer — to gently pull someone from the row in front of him to pray alongside him, provided he senses that this person would be agreeable to it. If that person does not agree, then he prays alone, and there is no dislike attached to his doing so in that case.
If he ends up praying alone [behind the row], it is sunnah for him to stand directly behind the imam. Then, if someone else arrives, that person stands to his right; and whoever comes after them stands to his left — and so on — such that the imam remains centered in the middle of the row. This is done so that everyone attains the reward of congregational prayer.
As for the case where two people enter the prayer together, and there is a gap in the row wide enough for only one person, then the two of them should pray together in a new row [of their own], and whoever arrives after them should fill that original gap. This is because if only one of the two fills the gap, the other would end up praying alone [which is to be avoided when it can easily be prevented].
Al-Khaṭīb ash-Shirbīnī (raḥimahullāh) said in Mughnī al-Muḥtāj (Vol.1/P.494): "If he does not find space, then it is recommended for him, while still standing, to gently pull a single person from the row toward himself after making his opening takbīr — out of caution, so as to avoid the position held by some scholars that a person's prayer standing alone behind the row is not valid.
Az-Zarkashī and others said: this should only be done if it seems he would agree to it; otherwise, he should not pull anyone — indeed, doing so becomes impermissible, out of fear of causing discord (fitnah). It is recommended for the person being pulled to cooperate and agree, so that he may attain the reward of assisting in righteousness and piety (al-birr wat-taqwā). However, he should not pull one of two people [praying together] from the row, since this would cause one of them to end up praying alone. This is why the 'pulling' described here takes place only after the opening takbīr [i.e., once the person doing the pulling has already validly begun his own prayer]."
Accordingly: it is sunnah for you to pray alongside the person praying alone, and then, if someone else arrives afterward, you may go and fill the gap in the original row. And Allah, the Exalted, knows best.

Is it permissible for a praying person to make supplication in each Sajdah (a prostration) of obligatory prayer?

It is permissible for a praying person, whether praying individually, or in congregation, to make supplication during Sujood (prostration) in obligatory, or voluntary prayers. However, it is disliked for the Imam to do so since he is required to spare the prayer performers any sort of hardship, unless he is leading a certain group who don`t mind him extending the prayer.

Is it enough to say Tasbeeh (Saying Subhaana Rabbiya Al-‘Atheem during Rukoo`, and saying Subhaana Rabbiya Al-A‘laa during Sujood ) once, or twice during Rukoo`(Bowing in prayer) and Sujood (Prostration)?

All perfect praise be to Allah, The Lord of The Worlds                                                                                                                                                                  Yes, saying Tasbeeh once during Rukoo` and Sujood is enough, provided that the worshiper`s attentiveness of the heart isn`t undermined during each. As regards the recompense, it depends on the number of Tasbeeh. And Allah Knows Best.

What is the ruling if someone wipes his head then shaves it - must he repeat it?

If a person performing ablution shaves his head after wiping it during ablution, he is not required to re-wipe his head or repeat the ablution. And Allah the Almighty knows best.

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