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Resolutions of Iftaa' Board

Resolution No.(172)"Ruling on the Religion of Minors whose Father Has Reverted to Islam"

Date Added : 27-10-2015

Resolution  No.(172) (4/2012) by The Board of Iftaa`, Research and Islamic Studies:
"Ruling on the Religion of Minors whose Father Has Reverted to Islam"

Date: (25/6/1433  A.H); (17/5/2012  A.D)

 

All praise is due to Allah, peace and blessings be upon Prophet Mohammad and upon his family and companions:

The Board of Iftaa`, Research and Islamic Studies reviewed, in its third session held on Thursday (25/Jumada al-Akhirah/1433 A.H); corresponding to(17/5/2012 A.D), the question sent by the Bureau of Civil Status, and reads as follows:
Would you kindly clarify the ruling of Islamic Sharia and any other details concerning the repercussions of a father`s proclaiming Islam on his children: minors, adults, and those born after he had embraced Islam?
After careful study and deliberation, the Board decided what follows:
Once the father embraces Islam, his children who haven`t reached puberty follow him in faith  as well. This is according to the consensus of Muslims scholars, jurists, and the verdicts of the Muslim Judges throughout the different stages of the Islamic history. They have established this ruling on the following verse: “And those who believe and whose families follow them in Faith,- to them shall We join their families. “{At-tur/21}. Joining their families to them in The Hereafter is an evidence on joining  their families to their faith in the Life of this world. This is  why the interpreters said regarding  the meaning of this verse; “Their families follow them in faith.”
Embracing Islam by the father is one of the most solid means of proving that his children follow his faith as Al-Shirbini( May Allah bless his soul) said: “ Judging that a child is a Muslim is based on two aspects: one of them-the strongest- is by birth, so if one of his/her parents is a Muslim ,then he/she is a Muslim by consensus of the Muslim scholars and in order to give preference to the Islamic faith.’{ Moghni Al-Mohtajj(3/606),the quotation has been slightly changed}. As for the adult, he/she remains on his/her faith until he/she chooses to embrace Islam voluntarily, if they don`t, then they aren`t considered Muslims. 
Based on the aforementioned, embracing Islam by the father indicates that his underage children follow his faith, and the same goes for the ones born after the father had embraced Islam. However, it is impermissible for the minor to revert to his mother`s faith in case she didn`t embrace Islam. And Allah knows best.

Chairman of the Iftaa` Board, The Grand Mufti of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, His Grace Sheikh Abdulkareem Al-Khasawneh.
Vice Head of the Iftaa`Board, Prof. Ahmad Helayel
His Excellency, Prof. Abdulsalam Al-Abbadi/ Member
Prof. Abduln`nassir Abu Al Bass`al/ Member
His Eminence, Sheikh Sa`ied Hijjawi/ Member
Pro. Mohammad Al-Qhodat/ Member
Dr. Yahia Al-Botoosh/ Member
     Dr. Wasif Al-Bakhri
Dr. Mohammad Al-Khalayleh/ Member
Dr. Mohammad Khair Al-Essa/ Member
Dr.Mohammad Al-Zou`bi/ Member
 

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Summarized Fatawaa

What is the ruling if someone wipes his head then shaves it - must he repeat it?

If a person performing ablution shaves his head after wiping it during ablution, he is not required to re-wipe his head or repeat the ablution. And Allah the Almighty knows best.

A man wishes to offer more than one uḍḥiyah (sacrificial offering), and intends by these sacrifices "on behalf of everyone whom Allah and His Messenger love." Is this intention valid?

All praise is due to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon our master, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.
The uḍḥiyah (sacrificial offering) is not valid with this intention, because if the sacrificial animal is from sheep or goats, it suffices for one person only; and if it is from cattle or camels, it suffices for seven persons.
However, one may sacrifice it on his own behalf, and then gift the equivalent of its reward to whomever he wishes.
Imam ar-Ramlī (raḥimahullāh) says: "Ash-Shāfi‘ī (raḍiyallāhu ‘anh) said: It is within the vastness of Allah's bounty, the Exalted, that He rewards the one giving charity as well. From this, the scholars of the madhhab said: it is recommended for a person to intend the charity on behalf of his parents, for example — for Allah, the Exalted, will reward them, without this diminishing his own reward in any way." He then relates, as the relied-upon position, the permissibility of saying: "O Allah, convey the reward of what I have recited specifically to so-and-so, and to the Muslims generally." Az-Zarkashī said: "For reward varies in degree — its highest form is what one designates specifically, and its lowest form is what one dedicates generally [alongside others]." [End of quote from Nihāyat al-Muḥtāj]. And Allah, the Exalted, knows best.

I`m a pious Muslim woman, but my husband isn`t, what should I do?

You should exercise patience, make supplication that Allah guides him to the straight path, and keep advising him kindly.

I broke my oath and am now obligated to pay the expiation for a broken oath (kaffārat al-yamīn). Would it be valid to fulfill this by inviting the poor and needy to a meal for them to eat from?

Praise be to Allah, and peace and blessings upon our master, the Messenger of Allah.
The expiation for a broken oath (kaffārat al-yamīn) is given to the poor (fuqarā') and needy (masākīn), and it must be given in the form of ownership (tamlīk) transferred to them of the required amount — namely, one mudd of the staple food of the locality, or its equivalent monetary value. It isn`t valid to invite the poor or needy to a meal prepared for them to eat from, as this does not constitute "ownership" (tamlīk) but merely "permission to partake" (ibāḥah).
Imam al-Shirbīnī (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "What is intended is that ownership be transferred to them; therefore, providing them with lunch or dinner [as a meal to eat from] isn`t valid." [Summarized from Mughnī al-Muhtāj,Vol. 5/P.50]. And Allah the Almighty knows best.

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