World Interfaith Harmony Week

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Is Zakat al-Fitr obligatory for an unborn child (fetus)?

Zakat al-Fitr is not obligatory for a fetus. However, if the child is born before sunset on the last day of Ramadan, then Zakat al-Fitr must be given on their behalf.

Must a woman seek her husband's permission to fast a make up fast (qada)?

● If there is ample time to make up for the missed fasts, a woman should seek her husband's permission before fasting.

● However, if the time is running out—such as when only the remaining days of Sha'ban are sufficient to complete the qada—she does not need his permission and must fast, because Allah’s command takes precedence over the husband's consent.

In the Sharia-compliant viewing at a prospective bride (al-naẓrah al-sharʿiyyah), is it permissible for the man to see the woman without a veil (ḥijāb)?

All praise is due to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon our master, the Messenger of Allah.

It is sunnah for the suitor to see the woman he is seeking to marry within the limits the Sharīʿah permits, namely looking at the face and the hands (palms and backs), based on the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): “Look at her, for it is more likely to bring about harmony between you.” Narrated by al-Tirmidhī.

The suitor may also ask one of the women to look at the woman he is seeking to marry. In that case, she is permitted to see of her what she is normally permitted to see, which is not limited to the face and hands, and she then describes these matters to the suitor. It is narrated on the authority of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sent Umm Sulaym to look at a girl, and said: “Smell her breath, and look at her heels.” Narrated by Aḥmad in his Musnad.

It is stated in Tuḥfat al-Muḥtāj (Vol.7/p.192): “For one who cannot easily look, or does not wish to look himself, it is sunnah to send someone who is permitted to look at her, to observe her and describe her to him, even regarding what he himself is not permitted to look at. He thereby gains through the sending what he would not gain through looking. Because of the added need for this, it is excepted from the prohibition of a woman describing another woman to a man.”

The permissibility of looking is conditional upon his resolve to marry her once he is able to, his predominant assumption that his proposal will be accepted, and his assumption that the woman is free of marriage and of a waiting period (ʿiddah). Otherwise, looking is forbidden.

Accordingly, it is not permissible for the suitor to look at anything other than the face and hands. He may ask one of his maḥram women, such as his mother or sister, to see the woman unveiled, and the Sharia-compliant viewing (of a prospective bride) must take place in the presence of one of the woman’s maḥrams. And Allah Almighty knows best.

Is it recommended (mustaḥabb) for the one offering a voluntary sacrifice (uḍḥiyyat taṭawwuʿ) to eat from its meat?

In the Name of Allah, and may peace and blessings be upon our Master, the Messenger of Allah.

It is highly recommended (Mustahabb) for the person offering a voluntary Udhiyah (sacrificial animal) to eat from its meat, but it is not an obligatory requirement (Wajib). Allah the Almighty says {what means}: "So eat of them and feed the needy who do not beg and the beggar. Thus have We subjected them to you that you may be grateful." (Al-Hajj/ 36)

"So eat of them": This directive is an encouraging recommendation, not a binding command.

The Qani’ (the needy who do not beg): Refers to a poor person who refrains from asking people for help out of dignity.

The Mu’tarr (the beggar): Refers to a poor person who explicitly asks others for assistance. And Allah the Almighty Knows Best.

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World Interfaith Harmony Week

Author : His Grace Shiekh Abdulkareem Al-Khasawneh

Date Added : 29-03-2022

World Interfaith Harmony Week

By Grand Mufti,

Sheikh AbdulKareem Al-Khasawneh

Grand Mufti`s Statement during the Celebration of the World Interfaith Harmony Week

In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful

All praise is due to Allah, the Lord of the worlds, and may the blessings of Allah be upon our Master the Hashemite Arab Prophet and upon all his companions and whoever followed their path till the Day of Judgment:

On this blessed day, we celebrate "The World Interfaith Harmony Week" that was launched by His Majesty King Abdullah II in the first week of February to be an annual season to harvest the good and blessed fruits of the tree he had planted; under whose shades the world took shelter to enjoy peace and security. Religious thinkers and believers have watered and took care of this tree. Being the tree of love and harmony, it wouldn`t produce but good, peace, and stability for the whole world; spread love, and eliminated hatred and animosity. This is particularly true since it was planted by pure Hashemite hands that draw their blessings and strength from their direct connection to the Prophet Mohammad who was sent as mercy to all creations. Allah says (What means): "And We have sent you (O Muhammad SAW) not but as a mercy for the Alameen (mankind, jinns and all that exists)." [al-Anbiya' 21:107].

Muslims and Christians of this blessed country (Jordan) have always been and always will be a unique model of human brotherhood, harmony, and peaceful coexistence. Through their national belonging and religious doctrine, adherents of both faiths strive to preserve Jordan, and instill values of citizenship in its citizens. In their noble quest to build Jordan, they united under the flag of the Hashemites to which they have pledged allegiance and swore loyalty. Thus, this flag was embraced by hearts before pledges, and protected by souls before weapons,. This is because it is blessed and has spread justice and all that is good to the people of Jordan. Enlightened by the following verse : " We have honoured the sons of Adam; provided them with transport on land and sea; given them for sustenance things good and pure; and conferred on them special favours, above a great part of our creation." A-Isra`, 70}, this flag sought to preserve the honor and dignity of all Jordanians as human beings. By doing so, it established the relationship between Jordanians on the basis of equal rights and obligations. This concept is based on a key principle of Islamic Law reflected in the following verse: "O mankind! We created you from a single (pair) of a male and a female, and made you into nations and tribes, that ye may know each other (not that ye may despise (each other). Verily the most honoured of you in the sight of God is (he who is) the most righteous of you." {Al-Hujurat, 13}.

This blessed Week came to present to the whole world the true universal message of Islam, which calls for spreading love and harmony between people. This fact is the true, divine, eternal constitution governing the relationship between Muslims and followers of other faiths regardless of time, place, or circumstances. A fact and a law so precious that it should be written with letters from light and lines from gold, and will be alive in the Muslim nation`s conscience and doctrine till the Day of Judgment. It is manifested in the following verse: "God forbids you not, with regard to those who fight you not for (your) Faith nor drive you out of your homes, from dealing kindly and justly with them: for God loveth those who are just." {Al-Mumtahinah, 8}. This verse is pretty clear in determining that the relationship between Muslims and non-Muslims is based on a great matter: showing kindness to others before justice and showing love to them to be rewarded with the love of Allah. Dear respectable audience, behold how Almighty Allah addressed non-Muslims with the kindest of words that bring hearts together: "O people of the Book!" and "Those who have received the scripture." This is used in about sixty places throughout the Noble Quran, and this form of address shows a great deal of respect and appreciation to the addressees, because attributing the Book to a nation means attributing science and knowledge to it.

Accordingly, being a nation of goodness; as described by Allah, and moderation; as chosen by Allah, it is the responsibility of the Muslim nation to complete the mission of the Prophets and Messengers, and to be the last building block of human civilization. All of this dictates that the Muslim nation leaves no stone unturned to spread goodness, love, and harmony amongst people, and establish ties between them based on harmony and knowing each other; of course in light of the divine rules derived from the Quran and the guidance of the Chosen One; Prophet Mohammad (Peace and blessings be upon him). This task was undertaken by the Hashemite family emanating from their religious and national responsibility to portray the correct and luminous image of Islam to stop the extremists, terrorists, and sedition mongers from hijacking Islam and abusing the faith through exaggeration and strictness. The result, as witnessed by the whole world, a wave of terrorist and extremist acts in the name of Islam undermining world peace and security, in addition to destroying societies and countries.

Thanks to Allah and the tight ties amongst the Jordanians, we managed to overcome that wave of extremist and Takfiri groups. Holding fast to our true religion, Hashemite flag, and peaceful coexistence gave no room for such groups.

We ask Allah to bless our country with peace and security under the wise leadership of His Majesty King Abdullah II, and to bless the whole world with permanent love, peace, and harmony, as Allah loves and pleases. And all praise be to Allah the Lord of the Worlds.

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Summarized Fatawaa

What is the ruling of Islamic Law on Making up Prayers Missed before Reaching Puberty?

All praise is due to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon our master, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.

Among the conditions for accountability for one's actions in the Hereafter is taklīf (religious legal responsibility) — meaning, possessing sound reason and having reached puberty. The signs of puberty are: nocturnal emission, menstruation, or reaching the age of fifteen [lunar years].

Whoever missed prayers before reaching puberty is not obligated to make them up, since taklīf did not yet apply to him at that time. Our master, the Prophet ﷺ, said: "The pen has been lifted from three: from the child until he reaches puberty, from the sleeping person until he wakes, and from the insane person until he regains sanity." [Related by Abū Dāwūd]

The method for making up missed prayers and fasts has already been explained in Fatwa No. 2705, and Fatwa No. 876. And Allah, the Exalted, knows best.

Is it permissible for one who sacrifices on behalf of another, with the latter's permission, to eat from the sacrifice?

It is permissible for someone who sacrificed on behalf of another with their permission to eat from it with their permission, and they stand in their place (act as their representative) in distributing it.

It is stated in Nihayat al-Muhtaj ila Sharh al-Minhaj (Vol.8/P.141): "And he—meaning the one sacrificing on his own behalf, provided he has not apostatized—has the right to eat from a voluntary sacrifice and his sacrificial gift; rather, it is recommended. As for an obligatory sacrifice, it is forbidden for him to eat from it, whether it was designated as such initially or as a liability in his dhimmah. And excluded by what has preceded is if he sacrifices on behalf of another, or if he apostatized, then it is not permissible for him to eat from it, just as it is absolutely impermissible to feed a disbeliever from it."(The text I found indicates the impermissibility of eating) ???

And it is stated in Hashiyat al-Jamal ‘ala Sharh al-Manhaj (Vol.5/P.262): "If a person offers a sacrifice on behalf of a living person with their permission, does he act as their representative in distributing it—on the grounds that permission to sacrifice is permission to distribute it—or does it depend on their explicit permission? This requires consideration, but the first view is not far-fetched." And Allah the Almighty knows best.

Should one who doesn`t perform prayer out of laziness make it up later, and how should he/she do so?

All perfect praise be to Allah,The Lord of The Worlds He/she is obliged to make up missed prayers by offering with each obligatory prayer another one, and if he/she offers two, then it is better. And Allah Knows Best.

Is the multiplication of reward for prayer in the sanctuaries of Makkah and Madīnah limited to the obligatory prayer, or does it include the voluntary prayer as well?

All praise is due to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon our master, the Messenger of Allah.

There is no difference between the obligatory (farḍ) and the voluntary (nafl) prayer in the ḥadīth on the multiplication of reward in the two Sanctuaries (al-Ḥaramayn), because the authentic ḥadīths are unrestricted and general in wording. It is therefore not permissible to restrict or specify them without evidence. Shaykh al-Islām Imam al-Nawawī (may Allah have mercy on him) said: “Our school holds that the superiority of prayer in the two mosques of Makkah and Madīnah is not limited to the obligatory prayer, but includes both the obligatory and the voluntary.” [al-Majmūʿ Sharḥ al-Muhadhdhab, Vol.8/p.476]

The multiplication of reward applies to whoever prays in al-Masjid al-Ḥarām or anywhere within the sanctuary (ḥaram). Al-Shirwānī (may Allah have mercy on him) said: “The more correct view according to al-Nawawī is that the multiplication of the prayer’s reward covers the whole sanctuary, and is not limited to the mosque, nor to Makkah itself.” [Tuḥfat al-Muḥtāj with the glosses of al-Shirwānī and al-ʿAbbādī, Vol.10/p.95]. And Allah Almighty knows best.