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The Family and Ramadan
Author : Dr. Ahmad Al-Harasees
Date Added : 26-04-2021

The Family and Ramadan

 

 

Allah The Almighty Says (What means): "O ye who believe! Fasting is prescribed to you as it was prescribed to those before you, that ye may (learn) self-restraint,-" [Al-Baqara/183]. One of the greatest blessings that Allah bestows on a Muslim is the ability to reach Ramadan, endure fasting and perform Qiyyam (Taraweeh prayer). Ramadan is the month of mercy, forgiveness and freeing from Fire. During this blessed month, the gates of Hell are closed and the devils are chained to help the believers exert maximum effort in offering acts of obedience to Allah. Therefore, a Muslim should strive to make the most of this month and the goodness it brings.

Ramadan is the perfect time for the family to come together for Iftar and Suhur. It is like a training course that teaches a lot of positive morals and etiquettes.

Attaining Taqwa (Piety) is one of the major priorities in this month and it is reflected through celebrating the values of tolerance, mercy and kindness. We hope that this year we will be able to enhance these positive aspects and by doing so turn theory into practice.

A major point in this regard is setting up a schedule for our household members in terms of religious duties, such as dedicating a certain time for reciting Quran, reading a certain book about the righteous predecessors, remembering Allah or offering night prayers to enhance team work. 

A major societal issue during Ramadan is extravagance. It is true that a Muslim has the right to enjoy the blessings of Allah, but some make different types of foods most of which go to the garbage can. Thus, we should preserve the blessings that Allah has bestowed upon us so that He the Almighty gives us more and more.

Moreover, it isn`t permissible to overburden the wife with preparing food and cleaning up since Ramadan is an opportunity for cooperation among family members following the example of the most honorable among all creation, Prophet Mohammad (Peace and blessings be upon him). Our beloved Prophet (Peace and blessings be upon him) used to keep himself busy helping members of his family, stitched his clothes and mended his sandals.

 

In addition, special care should be given to the children during this blessed month in terms of raising them up well, bringing them up properly and urging them to do all kinds of goodness and getting used to that. Our honored Prophet (Peace and blessings be upon him) taught that parents should train their children on performing acts of obedience, such as performing prayer, where he (PBUH) said: "Command your children to perform Salat (prayer) when they are seven years old." Moreover, it was reported that the wives of the companions used to teach their children to fast and spend time beneficially. This actually falls under educating them, however, it should be done gently because they aren`t of responsible age to perform religious duties in the first place.

 

Another milestone of this blessed month is to pray Qiyyam (Taraweeh prayer). The Messenger of Allah (Peace and blessings be upon him) used to urge (the people) to perform (optional Taraweeh) prayer at night during the month of Ramadan. He did not order them or make it obligatory on them. He (Peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whosoever performs (optional Taraweeh) prayers at night during the month of Ramadan, with Faith and in the hope of receiving Allah's reward, will have his past sins forgiven." [Agreed upon]. 

This is an opportunity to take one`s children to the mosque and to encourage them to perform this prayer and learn the etiquettes of the mosque.

In conclusion, Ramadan is an excellent opportunity to improve morality, come closer to Allah, enhance ties of kinship, enhance solidarity and mercy, and celebrate tolerance. 

 

The published article reflects the opinion of its author

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Summarized Fatawaa

I broke my oath and am now obligated to pay the expiation for a broken oath (kaffārat al-yamīn). Would it be valid to fulfill this by inviting the poor and needy to a meal for them to eat from?

Praise be to Allah, and peace and blessings upon our master, the Messenger of Allah.
The expiation for a broken oath (kaffārat al-yamīn) is given to the poor (fuqarā') and needy (masākīn), and it must be given in the form of ownership (tamlīk) transferred to them of the required amount — namely, one mudd of the staple food of the locality, or its equivalent monetary value. It isn`t valid to invite the poor or needy to a meal prepared for them to eat from, as this does not constitute "ownership" (tamlīk) but merely "permission to partake" (ibāḥah).
Imam al-Shirbīnī (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "What is intended is that ownership be transferred to them; therefore, providing them with lunch or dinner [as a meal to eat from] isn`t valid." [Summarized from Mughnī al-Muhtāj,Vol. 5/P.50]. And Allah the Almighty knows best.

What is the ruling on performing the Duha (forenoon) prayer before its time has begun, because I go to school early in the morning?

All praise is due to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon our master, the Messenger of Allah.
The Duha (forenoon) prayer is not valid if performed before its time has begun. Its time starts when the sun has risen to a noticeable height, that is, approximately fifteen minutes after sunrise, and it ends when the sun reaches its zenith (zawāl), shortly before the Dhuhr (noon) prayer. It is stated in Mughni al-Muhtaj (Vol.1/p.455): “Its time is from the rising of the sun [to a spear’s height] until the zenith.”
Accordingly, the Duha prayer is not valid if offered before the sun has risen, and its time remains open until just before Dhuhr. It may be performed at any time at school, during the break between classes or during recess. And Allah Almighty knows best.

Is it permissible for someone who is unable to fast to pay the fidyah (ransom/compensation payment) to himself, due to his own poverty?

All praise is due to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon our master, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.
It is not permissible, nor does it fulfill the obligation, for a sick person who is currently and permanently unable to fast to pay the fidyah (ransom/compensation payment) to himself, since it is a financial obligation owed by him, established as a standing debt upon him — much like any other debt he owes. If he were to pay it to himself, it would not thereby be discharged. So if he cannot find [anyone eligible to] pay it to, it remains a standing obligation upon him, and is not thereby waived. If Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, later grants him wealth, it becomes obligatory upon him to pay it out to the poor and needy.
Imam al-Khaṭīb ash-Shirbīnī (raḥimahullāh) said: "There is no difference in the obligation of the fidyah between the wealthy and the poor person; its benefit lies in its remaining established as a standing debt upon the poor person [until he is able to pay it] — and this is the more correct position (al-aṣaḥḥ), as indicated by the wording of ar-Rawḍah and its source text." [Mughnī al-Muḥtāj, Vol.2/P.174]
Accordingly: it is not permissible for a Muslim to pay the fidyah to himself while he remains poor. If the sick person is poor, he is not obligated to pay the fidyah immediately, and it remains a standing debt upon him until a time when he has sufficient means and wealth. And Allah, the Exalted, knows best.

What is the ruling of Islamic Law on one who died owing debts and left no wealth? Is it obligatory upon the heirs to settle these debts?

 

All praise is due to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon our master, the Messenger of Allah.
The general rule is that if a person dies owing rights to other people, such as debts, these are settled from his estate, if he left any wealth, before the estate is divided. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The believer's soul is suspended by his debt until it is settled for him.” Graded ḥasan by al-Tirmidhī. Repayment of debts takes precedence over the heirs’ right to inheritance.
If the deceased left no estate, or left wealth that was insufficient to cover his debts, it is not obligatory for the heirs to pay from their own wealth, but it is recommended for them to do so, because the deceased’s dhimmah (legal liability) remains occupied by the debt. It is reported in some narrations that he remains held in suspension until his debt is paid, and it is not part of filial righteousness for a child to leave his father’s dhimmah burdened with debt.
All of the children may contribute to settling the debt on behalf of their father and cooperate in doing so, even in installments, according to their ability. And Allah Almighty knows best.