Is it permissible for a woman who is in her `Iddah (waiting period) due to the death of her husband to go out and mix with non-Mahrams (Marriageable men)?
All perfect praise be to Allah, The Lord of The Worlds, and may His Peace and Blessings be upon our Prophet Muhammad and upon all of his family and companions.
A woman in such a situation is only allowed to leave her house for a sound reason such as visiting the doctor, and she is only allowed to mix with her Mahrams (Non-Marriageable kin) since it is permissible for a woman, whether in her `Iddah, or not, to mix with her husband and Mahrams. However, she is allowed to accept condolences, and answer inquiries about her situation after such a calamity. And Allah Knows Best.
What is the ruling of Sharia on male doctor delivering a baby?
All perfect praise be to Allah the Lord of The Worlds. May His peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Mohammad and upon all his family and companions.
The person most entitled to deliver a baby is a Muslim woman, then a woman from the People of the Book, then a woman from the disbelievers, then a Muslim man, then a man from the People of the Book. However, if there was no woman to deliver the baby, then it is permissible for a male doctor do deliver it. And Allah The Almighty Knows Best.
Is it permissible for a Muslim woman to go out wearing adornment and not putting on her Hijjab (Islamic wear)?
It is impermissible for a Muslim woman to go out wearing adornment, and not having her Hijjab on.
What is the expiation for breaking fast due to being on a journey, or being sick, or being in a state of menstruation?
No expiation is due on the aforesaid categories, but they are obliged to make up for the missed fast. However, if any of them failed to do so while being able to, and the next Ramadhaan has come, then making up for those days is incumbent on him/her , and paying the ransom as well. And Allah Knows Best.