What is the ruling on making up for missed fasting after the second half of Sha`ban (the month before Ramadhaan)?
One is obliged to make up for missed fasting before the start of next Ramadhaan, and regardless of offering it during the first, or the second half of Shab`an. This is because the prohibition mentioned in the Hadith is for offering absolute voluntary fasting in the second half of Sha`ban. And Allah Knows Best.
Is it permissible for the woman who is observing Iddah after her husband`s death to sit with her daughter`s suitor, although their marriage contract hasn`t been concluded yet?
All perfect praise be to Allah the Lord of The Worlds. May His blessings and peace be upon our Prophet Mohammad and upon all his family and companions.
A suitor who hasn`t concluded the marriage contract isn`t a Mahram*, so he must be treated as such. And Allah The Almighty Knows Best.
* The period a woman must observe after the death of her husband or after a divorce, during which she may not marry another man.
* In Islam, a mahram is a member of one's family with whom marriage would be considered haram, concealment purdah, or concealment of the body with hijab, is not obligatory; and with whom, if he is an adult male, she may be escorted during a journey, although an escort may not be obligatory.
Is everyone obligated to follow the fatwas of his country, and if we adopt the fatwas of scholars of other countries, is it considered a sin?
: It is permissible for one who do not specialize in Shari `ah sciences to apply the opinions of renowned scholars whom he trusts ,whether they be from his own country or not ,but if the scholars don`t arrive at a consensus concerning a certain matter then he must consult someone who is more knowledgeable than himself .It is preferable that you(the inquirer) specify the case of your interest ,so that we could give you a more specific answer since some scholars deliver fatwas based on atypical opinions which should not be applied no matter what .And Allah ,The Exalted, knows best.
What is the ruling on a woman driving a car?
It is permissible for the woman to drive a car, but it is impermissible for her to travel unaccompanied by a Mahram(Unmarriageable kin).