All perfect praise be to Allah the Lord of the Worlds.
May His peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Mohammad and upon all his family and companions.
It is permissible to cite verses of Quran or part of them when speaking and this, in terms of language and literature, is called (Quotation). In addition, there is no sin in speaking using the same rhythm of some verses of the Quran to serve a Sharia (legal) purpose, such as taking a lesson. However, it should be done to influence others and improve the speech, not for debating and challenging.
Nevertheless, if this rhythm is used for joking, flirting, and belittling the Quran then this is prohibited. And Allah the Almighty Knows Best.